食品检验检测实验室规划

Food examination laboratory planning / 食品检验检测实验室规划

Food examination can be divided into two categories: 1. Product quality inspection; 2. Product sanitation inspection, which is relatively difficult with high investment.

食品检验可分为两大项，一是检测产品的品质项目;二是检测产品的卫生项目，这一类项目的检测相对难度大、投资高。

Health projects preparation of food inspecting and testing laboratory / 食品检验检测实验室卫生项目筹建：

Health projects include microorganisms, additives, harmful elements, agricultural residues, animal residues, toxins, etc. 

卫生项目包括微生物、添加剂、有害元素、农残留、兽残留、毒素等。

1. Microorganisms: Microbiology laboratory should be laid out in accordance with the requirements of the specified standards of biological laboratory instruments and equipment. The necessary equipment includes clean workbench, incubator, high temperature sterilizing oven, electric furnace, etc. Other devices are configured according to the specific test items.

微生物：建微生物实验室要按照生物实验室设备及装备规范标准要求进行布局。必要的设备有洁净台、培养箱、高压灭菌锅、电炉等，其它设备则根据具体检测项目配置。

2. Additives and harmful elements: Some of the projects can use chemical methods. But to meet with the requirements of the current national standards of food hygiene, you should purchase gas phase chromatograph-hydrogen flame detector, liquid phase chromatography-ultraviolet/visible light detector, atomic absorption spectrometer-graphite furnace detector, atomic fluorescence spectrometer, etc.

添加剂和有害元素：有一部分项目可以用化学法，但想满足现在国标的食品卫生要求，应该购置气相色谱-氢火焰检测器、液相色谱-紫外/可见光检测器、原子吸收仪-石墨炉检测器、原子荧光仪等。

3. Residual pesticides: Gas chromatography is needed for detecting residual pesticides. The laboratory should be equipped with electron capture detector (ECD), if you want to detect organic chlorine pesticide. Nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD) or flame photometric detector (FPD) should be equipped to detect organic phosphorus pesticide. Nowadays, there are more and more pesticide-detecting items to be done. In order to improve the generality, purchasing capillary column split-splitless injection port and installing capillary column are suggested. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer can be purchased for export food processing enterprises to control the quality of raw materials and products.

残留农药：检测残留农药气相色谱是不能少的。检测有机氯农药，需配电子俘获ECD检测器;检测有机磷农药，需配火焰光度FPD检测器或氮磷NPD检测器。现在农残检测的项目越来越多，为提高通用性，建议配置毛细管柱分流/不分流进样口，安装毛细管色谱柱。出口食品加工企业为了把好生产原料和产品质量关，可以配置气相色谱-质谱仪。

4. Animal residues: As to detection of veterinary drug residues, there are few detecting items and more batches, so it is suggested that a set of ELISA Reader should be purchased and configured. For export food enterprises that have a certain scale, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer is a better choice.

残留兽药：若进行残留兽药的检测，项目不多且批次多，可以配置酶联免疫仪。对于有一定规模的出口食品企业，配置一台液相色谱-串联质谱仪。